Lead/copper monitoring at high-risk homes
Public water suppliers must complete a materials evaluation of their distribution system and/or review other information to target homes that are at high risk for lead/copper (Pb/Cu) contamination. Monitoring is to be conducted at the tap in these homes, with the number of tap-sampling sites based on the population served. One sample is required at each site.
Additional monitoring for other water quality parameters (WQPs) affecting corrosion is required to optimize treatment and determine compliance with State lead/copper standards. Two types of systems must perform this monitoring under the following conditions:
- Large systems serving more than 50,000 persons, regardless of the lead/copper levels in tap samples.
- Smaller systems serving less than 50,000 persons, if the action level for either lead or copper is exceeded in tap samples.
Two types of sampling sites are specified for this purpose:
- Sites within the distribution system, with the number of sites based on population served (sites may be the same as for coliform sampling). Two samples are required from each site.
- Two samples at each entry point to the distribution system
Monitoring Frequencies
Initially, systems must collect home tap samples for lead and copper analysis and samples for other WQPs every six months. In systems that are required to install corrosion control treatment, follow-up samples for other WQPs must be taken from within the distribution system every six months, and from entry points to the distribution system every two weeks. Both the number of sampling sites and the sampling frequency may be reduced if the action level is not exceeded or the systems maintain optimal treatment.